词根词缀-前缀1-63: para-
para-① 表示”半,类似,辅助”;② 表示”在旁边”;③ 表示”降落伞”一、表示 “半,类似,辅助”parastatal /ˌpærəˈsteɪtl/中文释义:半官方的英文释义:relating to or denoting an organization that is partly state-controlled.。
构词:para-(半,类似)+ state(国家)+ -al(形容词后缀)→ 半国家的例句:The parastatal organization manages public utilities with partial government oversight.(这家半官方机构在政府部分监管下管理公共事业。
)parapolitical /ˌpærəpəˈlɪtɪkl/中文释义:半政治的英文释义:related to politics but not fully political in nature.构词:para-(半,类似)+ political(政治的)→ 半政治的。
例句:Their activities have a parapolitical agenda, blending social and political objectives.(他们的活动带有半政治议程,融合了社会和政治目标。
)paralegal /ˌpærəˈliːɡl/中文释义:律师助理的;律师助理英文释义:relating to or denoting work that is similar to that of a lawyer but does not require full legal qualifications; a person who performs such work.。
构词:para-(辅助)+ legal(法律的)→ 辅助法律的例句:She works as a paralegal, assisting attorneys with research and documentation.(她担任律师助理,协助律师进行研究和文书工作。
)二、表示 “在旁边”paradigm /ˈpærədaɪm/中文释义:范例,示范英文释义:a typical example or pattern of something; a model.构词:para-(在旁边)+ digm(显示,希腊语 deiknynai “展示”)→ 在旁边展示的例子。
例句:The study provides a new paradigm for understanding climate change impacts.(该研究为理解气候变化影响提供了新的范例)paradox
/ˈpærədɑːks/中文释义:矛盾的说法英文释义:a statement that seems contradictory or absurd but may be true in reality.。
构词:para-(在旁边)+ dox(观点,希腊语 doxa “意见”)→ 与常见观点并存的矛盾观点例句:The paradox of progress is that technology improves life while creating new challenges.(进步的矛盾在于技术改善生活的同时也带来新挑战。
)paragon /ˈpærəɡɑːn/中文释义:典范英文释义:a person or thing viewed as a perfect example of a particular quality.。
构词:para-(在旁边)+ gon(角,希腊语 gonia “角”)→ 旁边顶尖的人物(原指打磨宝石的角以显完美)例句:She is a paragon of integrity in the business world.(她是商界诚信的典范。
)paralogism /pəˈrælədʒɪzəm/中文释义:不合逻辑的推论英文释义:a flawed or illogical argument.构词:para-(在旁边)+ logism(逻辑推论,希腊语 logos “逻辑”)→ 偏离逻辑的推论。
例句:His theory contains paralogism, as it ignores key scientific evidence.(他的理论存在逻辑漏洞,因为忽略了关键科学证据)parallel。
/ˈpærəlel/中文释义:平行的;平行线英文释义:(of lines) side by side and having the same distance continuously between them; a similarity or comparison between two things.。
构词:para-(在旁边)+ llel(来自希腊语 allēlōn “彼此”)→ 彼此并排的例句:The highway runs parallel to the railway for several miles.(这条公路与铁路平行延伸数英里。
)三、表示 “降落伞”parachute /ˈpærəʃuːt/中文释义:降落伞英文释义:a device used to slow down the fall of a person or object from a high place.。
构词:para-(降落伞)+ chute(落下,法语 chute “降落”)→ 用于降落的装置例句:Skydivers rely on parachutes to safely descend from aircraft.(跳伞者依靠降落伞从飞机上安全降落。
)paradrop /ˈpærədrɑːp/中文释义:空投,空降英文释义:the dropping of supplies or troops by parachute from an aircraft.。
构词:para-(降落伞)+ drop(扔下)→ 用降落伞投放例句:The military conducted a paradrop of emergency supplies into the disaster zone.(军方向灾区空投了紧急物资。
)parapack /ˈpærəpæk/中文释义:跳伞装备包英文释义:a pack containing a parachute and related equipment for skydiving.。
构词:para-(降落伞)+ pack(包裹)→ 装降落伞的包例句:He checked his parapack thoroughly before the jump.(跳伞前他仔细检查了跳伞装备包)。
特别说明词源扩展:para- 源自希腊语,除上述含义外,还可表示 “保护”(如 parasol /ˈpærəsɔːl/ “遮阳伞”,para- + sol “太阳”→ 挡住太阳)或 “对抗”(如 paravail
/ˌpærəˈveɪl/ “防御”)易混前缀:注意与 per-(完全)、post-(后)等前缀区分,避免构词混淆学科应用:在医学中,para- 可表示 “旁,副”(如 parathyroid /ˌpærəˈθaɪrɔɪd/ “甲状旁腺的”),需结合专业语境理解。


