一、重点词汇

1.dilemma n. 进退两难的境地;困境

1.面临左右为难的境地：face a dilemma

2.处于进退两难的境地: be in dilemma

3.道德困境: a moral dilemma

2.major adj.主要的 n. 主修课程，专业;主修学生 vi.主修

→ majority n 大部分;大多数

1.大多数: the majority of

2.占多数: be in the majority

3.respond v.回答;回复 做出回应;回应,反应;回答;回复

→ response n.回应，回复

对......做出回应: respond to

1.对......没做出回应: make no response to

2对......的回应: in response to

4.hire vt.聘任;雇用 租用 n. 租借;租用

→ fire vt 开除，解雇

1.(短期)出租某物 hire sth out

2.雇用某人做某事: hire sb to do sth

5.reject v. 拒绝接受;不录用 n. 废品，次品

→ rejection n. 拒绝接受;否决

1.拒绝接受某人的想法、建议、计划:reject one’s idea/suggestion/plan

2.拒绝接受一个论点、一个决定、一项提议reject an argument/ a decision/an offer

6.appointed adj. 指定的，约定的

→ appoint vt任命;委派

→ appointment约定，约会;任命。委任

1.派某人任某职appoint sb to sth

2.任命某人(担任)...... appoint sb as

3.派某人做某事appoint sb to do sth:

4.约定时间、地点做某事: appoint a time /place for sth/to do sth

1.和某人约会：have an appointment with sb

2.预约: make an appointment

3.按照约定: by appointment.

7.retire vi/vt退休;退职;退出

→ retirement退休、退休生活

1.从......退休: retire from ...

2.从......职位退休: retire as ...

3.退休教师: a retired teacher

退休年龄:retirement age

8.scary恐怖的，吓人的

→ scare惊吓;使害怕 vi受惊吓

→ scared 害怕的;对......感到惊慌或恐惧的

1.恐怖一刻: a scary moment

2.恐怖片: a scary movie

1.恐吓某人做某事: scare sb into doing sth

2.把......吓跑: scare…..off/away

害怕做某事: be scared of sth/ be scared to do sth

9.sharp adj. 急剧的;锋利的;明显的

→ sharply adv. 锋利地;敏锐地;急剧地

→ sharpen vt.使变锋利;使提高

1.锋利的刀: a sharp knife

2.锋利的牙齿: sharp teeth

3.价格急剧上涨、下跌: a sharp increase/ fall in prices

4.头脑敏锐的新闻记者: a journalist with a sharp mind

10.energy n. 精力，能源

→ energetic adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的

→ energetically adv. 积极地;精力充沛地

1.充满活力: be full of energy

2.把精力投入到某事中: apply/devote/put one’s energy to sth

1.保持活力;keep energetic

2.热情支持者: an energetic supporter

11.replace 接替;取代;更换,取代，代替

1.用B取代A: replace A with B

2.被......取代; be replaced by...

3.取代某人当: replace sb as ...

12.operator n. 操作者，经营者

→ operate vi.动手术;操作;经营

→ operation n. 手术;企业;经营

1.在运行: in operation

2.使......运转、启动: put sth into operation

3.投入运营: come into operation

4.给某人做手术: have an operation on sb

13.whisper v.i & n. 悄声说;耳语;低语 耳语声;低语声;传言;谣传

1.密谈某事：whisper about sth

2.对某人窃窃私语:whisper to sb

3.有人私下说: It is whispered that

4.低声地: in a whisper

5.常见的后接双宾语的结构

向某人解释: explain sth to sb

向某人宣布: announce sth to sb

向某人介绍: introduce sth to sb

向某人提议: suggest sth to sb

向某人报告: report sth to sb

14.assist vt帮助;援助

→ assistant助手;助理

→ assistance援助，帮助;辅助设备

协助某人做某事: assist sb with/in sth

店员: a shop assistant

1.在某人的帮助下: with the assistance of sb

2.给某人以援助: give/ offer assistance to sb

15.harm n/vt. 伤害;损害

→ harmful adj. 有害的，无害的

→ harmless adj. 无害的

1.对......有害的：do/cause harm to

2.无恶意，无意伤害: mean no harm/ not mean any harm

3.没有受到伤害、损害 come to no harm

4.对......无害、有很大害处: do no/ great/ much/ a lot of harm to

5.做某事无妨、无害: there is no harm in ding sth. / It does no harm to do sth

二、重点短语

1.carry sb through sth.帮助某人渡过难关;完成;

(1)实行;履行: carry out

(2)继续......: carry on with/on doing sth

(3)运走;使失去自制力: carry away

(4)使某人回忆起(某事): carry sb back to sth

2.tend to do sth 易于做某事;往往会发生某事

(1)照顾 照料: tend to sb/sth

(2)有......的趋势，倾向于......、tend towards

3.first aid

(1)(对某人)实施急救:

do/give/offer/perform/carry out first aid to sb

(2)帮某人的忙: come to one’s aid==come to the aid of sb

(3)为了帮助: in aid of

(4)在......、的帮助下. With the aid of

(5)帮助某人做某事aid sb in doing sth

(6)在某方面帮助某人: aid sb with sth

4.pass away 去世(委婉说法)

(1)经过: pass by

(2)转交;转给: pass …. on

(3)把......传给后人: pass down

5.in memory of 作为对......的纪念

(1)In+名词+of 类短语

庆祝: in celebration of

赞美，歌颂: in praise of

寻找: in search of

负责;掌管: in charge of

支持: in support of…

支持;赞同: in favour of

拥有: in possession of

需要: in need of

代替: in place of

就......而言: in terms of

纪念: in honor of

6.in tears 留着泪

(1)突然大哭起来：burst into tears==burst out crying

(2)眼里充满泪水: be filled with tears

(3)使某人流泪、沉默: reduced sb to tears/silence

(4)把某人感动的流泪: moved sb to tears

(5)几乎落泪: be close to tears

(6)忍住泪水: hold back one’s tears

7. a great deal of 大量

(1)学习了很多: learn a great of..

(2)对某人了解很多;know a great deal about sb

(3)感觉好多了: feel a great deal better

(4)意义重大: mean a great deal

三、重点句型

1.状语从句的省略

※状语从句省略的条件：

①从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句的谓语中含有be动词，可以将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。

②如果状语从句中出现了it is/was时，可以把it is/was一起省略。

2.get done结构

※常见的get done结构：

get broken打破了 get punished受到惩罚 get hurt受到伤害

get admitted被录取 get married结婚 get annoyed生气

get excited激动 get separated被分开